An Electronic Dance Music Timeline
Milestones in the early days of reggae, disco, hip-hop, electro, techno, and house (a work in progress).
Key: Jamaica Chicago New York City Detroit Europe
| 1956 | Winston “Count” Machuki begins deejaying (toasting) over music at Jamaican lawn dances |
| 1957 | Duke Reid, Clement Dodd, and Prince Buster start recording exclusive instrumental acetates for their sound systems |
| 1964 | King Tubby builds his sound system with a reverb unit |
| 1965 | Herb Kent opens teen club Times Square with dual turntables, fog machine, and strobe lights |
| 1967 | Francis Grasso begins spinning at Salvation II; first NY club DJ to slip-cue and beatmatch |
| 1970 |
First David Mancuso Loft party in NYC Pete DJ Jones and DJ Kool Herc (right) start spinning breaks at clubs and block parties, respectively First commercially released reggae singles with instrumental versions |
| 1971 | Bozak audio mixer commercially available |
| 1972 | King Tubby creates his first dubs |
| 1973 | DJ Hollywood starts rapping in NYC clubs Dugan’s Bistro opens; Robert Williams and friends throw first US Studio parties |
| 1974 |
Grandmaster Flash (right) invents cutting Tom Moulton creates his first extended mix; DJ-only promo pressings begin Disco-Chicago record pool starts |
| 1976 | Grand Wizard Theodore invents scratching First electronic disco albums: Cerrone: Love In C Minor LP (Malligator), Cloud One: Atmosphere Strut LP (P&P Records) Double Exposure: “Ten Percent” 12" (Salsoul Records) first commercially released 12-inch single; edited by Walter Gibbons US Studio opens the Warehouse (where Frankie Knuckles’ career will be launched) |
| 1977 |
Larry Levan starts spinning at the Paradise Garage Donna Summer: I Feel Love 12" (Casablanca Records) electronic disco hit produced by Giorgio Moroder (right) The Electrifying Mojo starts spinning an eclectic mix of funk and New Wave on Detroit radio WGPR |
| 1978 | Herb Kent moves to WXFM, starts show that becomes “Punk Out,” playing New Wave for a mostly black Chicago audience |
| 1979 | First rap records: Paulett and Tanya Winley: “Rhymin’ and Rappin’” (Paul Winley Records), Fatback: “King Tim III Personality Jock” (Spring); first big hit Sugarhill Gang: “Rappers Delight” (Sugarhill Records) |
| 1980 | Roland TR-808 drum machine introduced |
| 1981 |
Kraftwerk: Computer World LP (EMI) inspires electro Detroit electro records: A Number Of Names: “Sharevari” 12" (Capriccio), Cybotron: “Alleys Of Your Mind” 45 (Deep Space Records) The Hot Mix 5 start spinning on WBMX, Chicago First releases on Wax Trax! Records |
| 1982 |
Afrika Bambaataa and the Soulsonic Force: “Planet Rock” 12" (Tommy Boy) NYC electro Roland TB-303 synthesizer introduced Frankie Knuckles (right) opens The Power Plant in December |
| 1983 | Knuckles starts playing Jamie Principle house tracks off tape Robert Williams opens The Music Box where Ron Hardy spins Medusa’s opens |
| 1984 | First house records: Jesse Saunders: “On And On” 12" (Jes Say Records), Z Factor: “Fantasy” (Mitchbal Records) |
| 1985 |
D.J. International founded; Precision becomes Trax Records
Chip E. releases Jack Trax, Mr. Fingers (Larry Heard) releases “Mystery of Love” Juan Atkins (right) starts Metroplex Ron Hardy plays Phuture’s “Acid Tracks” |
| 1986 | First acid release: Sleezy D.: “I’ve Lost Control” 12" (Trax Records) Derrick May starts Transmat |
| 1987 | Kevin Saunderson starts KMS Anti-juice bar ordinance shuts down Chicagog’s after-hours clubs |
| 1988 | 808 State: Newbuild LP (Creed) acid house leaps the pond Techno! The New Dance Sound Of Detroit 2-LP (Ten Records) compilation introduces Europe to techno The Music Institute opens |
| 1989 | Carl Craig’s first releases as Psyche Black Dog Productions label founded in the UK |
| 1991 | Jeff Mills, Mike Banks, and Robert Hood form Underground Resistance |
Sources
- The Rough Guide to Reggae by Steve Barrow and Peter Dalton, Rough Guides Ltd., London, 2004
- Last Night a DJ Saved My Life: The History of the Disc Jockey by Bill Brewster and Frank Broughton, Grove Press, NY, 2000
- Various: Kurtis Blow presents The History of Rap Vol. 1, Rhino, 1997, liner notes
- The Rap Records by Freddy Fresh, Nerby Publishing, Minnesota, 2004
- Techno Rebels: The Renegades of Electronic Funk by Dan Sicko, Billboard Books, NY, 1999
- The Cool Gent: The Nine Lives of Radio Legend Herb Kent by Herb Kent and David Smallwood, Chicago Review Press, 2009
